Fault Location on Aging Aircraft Wiring --Publications

 

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Read about the problem, the live wire solution, and a comparison of different wire fault location methods. And THEN wade into the publications below.

Contents

 

For a complete list of Dr. Furses publications, conference presentations, and patents: click here.

For More Information Contact: Dr. Cynthia Furse

 

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Overview Aging Aircraft Wiring & Comparison of Reflectometry Methods

IEEE Spectrum Magazine, Feb. 2001, pp. 34-39

A New Q/A update to this article appears in April 2008

INVITED PAPER , Cynthia Furse, You Chung Chung, Chet, Lo, Praveen Pendayala, A Critical Comparison of Reflectometry Methods for Location of Wiring Faults, Journal of Smart Structures and Systems

 

Spread Spectrum Sensors for Live Wire Testing (S/SSTDR)

The base patents:

1.    US Patent 7,069,163, Digital spread spectrum methods and apparatus for testing aircraft wiring

Location of Intermittent Faults

1.    C.Furse, P.Smith, M. Safavi, C. Lo, Feasibility of Spread Spectrum Reflectometry for Location of Arcs on Live Wires, IEEE Journal of Sensors, Vol.5, No. 6, Dec. 2005, pp.1445-1450

2.    C. Furse, P.Smith, P.Kuhn, Intermittent Fault Location on Live Electrical Wiring Systems, SAE Conference 2008

3.    You Chung Chung, Chet Lo, John Mahoney, Jeremy Pruitt, Ryan Hanks, Santi Basava, Cynthia Furse, Non-Destructive Fault Location on Aging Aircraft Wiring Networks, Part 1 Cost Optimized Solutions, IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium, June 2003, Columbus, OH

4.    Paul Smith, Alyssa Magelby, Deekshit Dosibhatla, Chet Lo, Cynthia Furse, Jacob Gunther, Non-Destructive Fault Location on Aging Aircraft Wiring Networks, Part 2 Live Wires in Flight, IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium, June 2003, Columbus, OH

 

Implementation of SSTDR as a chip

 

1.    US Patent 7,165,200 B2, System and method for characterizing a signal path using a sub-chip sampler

2.    US Patent 7,548,071 Reflectometry Test System Using a Sliding Pseudo-Noise Reference, Reid Harrison, Cynthia Furse, Chirag Sharma

3.    Chirag Sharma, Reid Harrison, Cynthia Furse, Low-Power STDR CMOS sensor for locating faults in aging aircaft wiring, IEEE Sensors Journal, Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan. 2007 Page(s):43 - 50

4.    http://www.ece.utah.edu/~cfurse/Center%20of%20Excellence/wiring_papers/LiveWireAgingAircraftASIC_02.pdfwww.agingaircraft2008.com

5.    Commercialization: LiveWire Innovation

Branched Wiring Networks

 

  1. Cynthia Furse, Chet Lo, You Chung Chung, Paul Smith, Praveen Pendayala, Kedarnath Nagoti, Spread Spectrum Sensors for Critical Fault Location on Live Wire Networks, (INVITED PAPER) Journal of Structural Control and Health Monitoring, Vol 12: pp. 257-267, 2005
  2. C Lo, C Furse, Modeling and Simulation of Branched Wiring Networks, Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) Journal, Vol. 23, No. 2, June 2008, pp. 143-148
  3. P. Smith, C. Furse, P. Kuhn, Locating Intermittent and Static Faults in Complex Wiring Systems, (SAE Conference) AE-8 Aerospace Electrical/Electronic Distribution Systems and the AEISS Aerospace Electrical Interconnect Systems Symposium , October 22-26, 2007, Savannah, Georgia.
  4. Chet Lo, Kedarnath Nagoti, Arthur Mahoney, You Chung Chung, Cynthia Furse, Detection and Mapping of Branched Wiring Networks from Reflectometry Responses, Joint FAA/DoD/NASA Conference on Aging Aircraft, Palm Springs, CA, Jan 31-Feb 4, 2005
  5. C. Furse, P. Smith, Y. Chung, C. Lo, Fault Location in Aging Aircraft Wiring Networks, Aging Aircraft Conference, New Orleans, LA, Sept. 12-15,2003
  6. S.Nagaraj, C.Furse, A Novel MAC for Sensor Networks in Aircraft, ICNP conference 2003, Second ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications (WSNA 03) is in San Diego on 19th of Sept. 2003

Frays & Small Faults

1.    Demonstration of location of intermittent faults: C.Furse, P.Smith, M. Safavi, C. Lo, Feasibility of Spread Spectrum Reflectometry for Location of Arcs on Live Wires, IEEE Journal of Sensors, Vol.5, No. 6, Dec. 2005, pp.1445-1450

2.    The system you are testing is the limiting factor on your ability to see small faults: Lance Griffiths, Rohit Parakh, Cynthia Furse, Brittany Baker, The Invisible Fray: A Critical Analysis of the Use of Reflectometry for Fray Location, IEEE Journal of Sensors, Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2006

3.    For a very well controlled system, S/SSTDR can find extremely small faults: C. Furse, P. Smith, M. Diamond, Feasibility of Reflectometry for Nondestructive Evaluation of Prestressed Concrete Anchors, IEEE Journal of Sensors, Vol. 9. No. 11, Nov. 2009, pp. 1322-1329

4.    A novel way of locating small faults on cable shields: L. Thomson, B. Jones, J. Stephenson, C. Furse, Non-Contact Connections for Reflectometry and Location of Faults in Cable Shields, 2012 Aircraft Airworthiness and Sustainability Conference, April 2-5, 2012, Baltimore, MD

5.    For Corrosion Detection: Alex L Robinson, Cynthia Furse, Paul Kuhn, Michael Diamond, Update on LiveWire Fault Detection, SAND Number 2008-1695A,Sensors Workshop 2008, LLNL, Livermore, CA, April 1-2, 2008 (Some of this data is included here)

Impedance Measurement

Cynthia Furse, Deekshit Dosibhatla, Jacob Gunther, Paul Smith, Chet Lo, Sachin Chandra, Alyssa Magelby, Spread Spectrum Communication Techniques Applied to Impedance Measurement, IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium, June 16-21, 2002, San Antonio, TX, Invited Paper

For Structures

1.    C. Furse, P. Smith, M. Diamond, Feasibility of Reflectometry for Nondestructive Evaluation of Prestressed Concrete Anchors, IEEE Journal of Sensors, Vol. 9. No. 11, Nov. 2009, pp. 1322-1329

2.    Cynthia Furse, Paul Smith, Rohit Parakh, Sensors for Wiring and Structural Cable Fault Location, Joint US-India  Workshop on Advanced Sensing Systems and Smart Structures Technologies, in  cooperation with IIT Bombay, on December 20-22, 2004

Prognostics

  1. Chet Lo, Cynthia Furse, Use of InSitu Sensors for Wire Fault Prognostics, Joint FAA/DOD/NASA Conference on Aging Aircraft, April 21-24, 2008, Phoenix, AZ
  2. Dr. Cynthia Furse, Shang Wu, Michael Diamond, David Mih, Chet Lo, Paul Smith, Potential Prognostics for Preventative Maintenance of Electrical Wiring, Joint FAA/DoD/NASA Conference on Aging Aircraft, Palm Springs, CA, April 16-19, 2007

Non-Contact Probes

  1. Shang Wu, Cynthia Furse, Chet Lo, Non-Contact Probes for Wire Fault Location with Reflectometry, IEEE Sensors Journal, Volume 6, Issue 6, Dec. 2006 Page(s):1716 - 1721
  2. A novel way of locating small faults on cable shields:

a)    L. Thomson, B. Jones, J. Stephenson, C. Furse, Non-Contact Connections for Reflectometry and Location of Faults in Cable Shields, 2012 Aircraft Airworthiness and Sustainability Conference, April 2-5, 2012, Baltimore, MD

b)    L. Thomson, B. Jones, C. Furse, Locating Small Apertures in Cable Shielding, 2012 IEEE AP-S International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and 2012 USNC/CNC/URSI Meeting in Chicago, Illinois, July 8-14, 2012

c)    B. Jones, C. Furse, Leaky Fields from Damaged Shields, 2011 IEEE AP-S International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC/CNC/URSI Meeting in Spokane, WA July 4-8, 2011

  1. Dr. Paul Smith, Michael Walz, Dr. Cynthia Furse, Locating Electrical Faults Using a Walk-to-Fault Probe, Joint FAA/DoD/NASA Conference on Aging Aircraft, Palm Springs, CA, April 16-19, 2007

4.    US Patent 7,622,931 B2, S. Wu, C. Furse, C. Lo ,Non-Contact Reflectometry System and Method, Nov 24, 2009

 

Algorithms for Advanced Fault Location

1.    E. Lundquist, J. Nagel, S. Wu, B. Jones, C. Furse, Advanced Forward Methods for Complex Wire Fault Modeling, accepted to IEEE Sensors Journal, 2012

2.    E. Lundquist, C. Furse, Novel Inverse Methods for Wire Fault Detection and Diagnosis, 2011 IEEE AP-S International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC/CNC/URSI Meeting in Spokane, WA July 4-8, 2011

3.    E. Lundquist, S. Wu, B. Jones, C. Furse, C. Lo, Aging Wire Fault Diagnosis Using Faster, Higher-Precision Methods, 2011 Aircraft Airworthiness and Sustainability Conference, April 18-21, 2011, SanDiego, CA

4.    Cynthia Furse, Chet Lo, Kevin Wheeler, Fast, Modular Wire Simulation Tools to Better Understand Small Wire Faults, 2010 Aircraft Airworthiness and Sustainment (AA&S) Conference, May 10-13, 2010, Austin, TX

a.    Software Available Online

5.    Chet Lo, Cynthia Furse, Modeling and Simulation of Branched Wiring Network,17th Symposium EMC-Zurich, Singapore March 2006

Commercialization

 

LiveWire Innovation

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Other Reflectometry Methods:

Noise Domain Reflectometry (NDR)

1.    US Patent 7,271,596.   Method and System for testing a signal path having an operational signal

2.    C.Lo, C.Furse, Noise Domain Reflectometry for Wire Fault Location, IEEE Trans EMC, February 2005, pp.97-104

Multicarrier Reflectometry (MCR)

 

1.    Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny and Cynthia Furse, Robust Multicarrier Spread Spectrum Techniquefor Data Transmission over Partially Jammed Channels, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 53(3), March 2005, pp. 1038-1044, also presented at MILCOM 2004, October 31 - November 3,2004

2.    Suketu Naik, Cynthia M. Furse and Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny, Multicarrier Reflectometry, IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol 6, No. 3, June 2006, pp. 812-818

3.    Peiman Amini, Cynthia Furse, Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny, Filterbanks for Multicarrier Reflectometry, IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 9, No. 12, pp. 1831-1837, Dec. 2009

Mixed Signal Reflectometry (MSR)

1.    US Patent 7,215,126,  Apparatus and method for testing a signal path from an injection point

2.    P. Tsai, Y. Chung, C. Lo, C.Furse, ,Mixed Signal Reflectometer Hardware Implementation for Wire Fault Location, IEEE Sensors Journal, Dec. 2005, Vol.5, No. 6, pp. 1479-1482

Frequency Domain Reflectometry (PD-FDR)

1.    Patent 6,868,357, Frequency Domain reflectometry system for testing wires and cables utilizing in situ connectors, passive connectivity, cable fray detection, and live wire testing

2.    Patent 6,937,944, Frequency domain reflectometry system for baselining and mapping of wires and cables,

3.      Cynthia Furse, You Chung Chung, Rakesh Dangol, Marc Nielsen, Glen Mabey, Raymond Woodward, Frequency Domain Reflectometery for On Board Testing of Aging Aircraft Wiring, IEEE Trans. EMC, Vo. 47, No.2, May 2005, pp. 327 - 334

4.    Y.C. Chung, C. Furse, J.Pruitt Application of Phase Detection Frequency Domain Reflectometry for Locating Faults in an F-18 Flight Control Harness , IEEE Trans. EMC, May 2005

Capacitance Sensing

1.    Y. Chung, N. Amarnath, C. Furse, J.Mahoney, Capacitance and Inductance Sensors for Location of Open and Short Circuited Wires IEEE Trans Instrumentation, Vol. 58, No. 8, Aug 2009, pp. 2495-2502

2.    US Patent 7,495,450 B2, Device and method for detecting anomalies in a wire and related sensing method, C. Furse, J. Mahoney, Y. C. Chung, N. N. Amarnath, Feb 24, 2009

 

 

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Student Theses and Dissertations

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Wiring Project in the News

 

Utah Researchers May have a Better Way to Inspect Planes (2008)

Talking Point

National Science Foundation in the News 2001

Aviation Week April 2000

Odgen Standard Examiner 12-7-00

Access Utah (radio) 12-6-00

KSL TV January 2001

Utah Chronicle Feb 16, 2007

 KSL TV April 11, 2008 Interview at LiveWire and Talking Point

Selected Power Point Presentations

1.    C. Furse, Aging Aircraft Wiring- Locating Hidden Hazards, International Conference on Computers and Communication Systems, Daegu University, Korea, Nov. 7, 2008

2.    P. Kuhn, C. Furse, P. SmithLocating Hidden Hazards on Electrical Wiring, Aged Electrical Systems Research Application Symposium, October 18-19, 2006, Chicago, Illinois

3.    Paul Smith, Cynthia Furse, State of the Art in LiveWire Testing, Joint FAA/DoD/NASA Conference on Aging Aircraft, Jan 31-Feb 3, 2005, Palm Springs, CA

4.    C. Furse, Emerging Technologies for Live Wire Fault Location, NAVWAG Conference, San Diego, CA, Nov. 4, 2003

5.    C.Furse, Sensors for Critical Fault Location on Live Aging Wiring Networks, International Workshop on Advanced Sensors, Structural Health Monitoring, and Smart Structures, November 10-11, 2003 at Keio University, Yokohama, Japan

6.    C.Furse, Smart Sensors for Wiring Health Analysis, AFRL Wiring Integrity System Characterization and Evaluation Programs 1st Information Exchange and Workshop, Oct. 23-24, 2002, Dayton, OH

7.    Cynthia Furse, You Chung Chung, Jeremy Pruitt, Glen Mabey , Derek Bates, Santi Basava, Chris Griffin, Mark Schmidt, Krishna Konda, Nagendra Grandhi, Rory Buchanan, Eric Cannon, Suketu Naik, Sumeeth Nagaraj, Sachin Chandra, Clark Landeen, Paul Smith, Deekshit Dosibhatla, Jake Gunther, Chet Lo, Ravi B. Gopal, Alyssa Magelby, In Situ Analysis System for Diagnosis of Aging Aircraft Wiring, IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium, June 16-21, 2002, San Antonio, TX

8.    Sean Field, Pall Arnason,Smart Wire Technology for Aircraft Applications, Fifth Joint NASA/FAA/DoD Conference on Aging Aircraft, September 10-13, 2001, Orlando, FLA

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Last revised: Jan 2013

For More Information Contact: Dr. Cynthia Furse